Nepal is once again on the boil. The small Himalayan nation, which transitioned from a monarchy to a republic in 2008, is witnessing violent protests demanding the reinstatement of the monarchy and a return to its Hindu identity. The unrest, fuelled by frustration over political instability, a struggling economy, and rampant corruption, raises serious concerns not just for Nepal but for the entire region. The protests have seen thousands of people take to the streets, clashing with security forces and chanting for the return of former King Gyanendra Shah. The Rastriya Prajatantrik Party, leading the charge, argues that Nepal’s experiment with republicanism has failed. Their grievances are not unfounded. In just 17 years, the country has seen 13 different governments, each riddled with inefficiency and infighting. Promises of stability and progress post-monarchy have largely remained unfulfilled. This is not merely about nostalgia for a bygone era but a reflection of the deep-rooted frustration of ordinary Nepalis. The economic downturn, worsened by corruption and misgovernance, has left people disillusioned. Jobs are scarce, inflation is high, and political leaders seem more focused on power struggles than governance. It is no surprise that many are questioning whether the abolition of the monarchy improved their lives.
However, reinstating the monarchy is no guaranteed solution. King Gyanendra’s own rule was far from exemplary. When he seized absolute power in 2005, he dismissed the government, jailed political opponents, and curtailed press freedom—decisions that sparked the very protests that led to his downfall. His rule failed to bring peace, and in 2006, following deadly demonstrations, he was forced to relinquish power. By 2008, the monarchy was abolished altogether. The question now is: should Nepal move forward or look backward? There is no denying that the republic has struggled to deliver on its promises, but reinstating a monarchy does not necessarily resolve these issues. Instead, Nepal needs systemic reforms—stronger institutions, accountability mechanisms, and a political culture that prioritizes governance over power games. A return to monarchy may offer temporary emotional solace to some, but it risks repeating past mistakes and undermining democratic aspirations. For Nepal’s neighbours, particularly India, this turmoil is more than just a domestic affair. A politically unstable Nepal impacts regional security, economic ties, and diplomatic relations. India, while maintaining a policy of non-interference, must be prepared for potential spillover effects, including migration issues and security challenges. Nepal stands at a crossroads. The current protests are a wake-up call for its leaders. Simply suppressing dissent with curfews and tear gas will not address the underlying grievances. The government must engage with its people, deliver on economic reforms, and restore faith in democracy. Otherwise, the cycle of disillusionment and unrest will only continue, pushing Nepal further into uncertainty.