Climate concerns: Ahead of G20 Summit, study says bloc poured USD 1.4 trillion into fossil fuels in 2022
New Delhi: G20 countries allocated a staggering USD 1.4 trillion of public funds to support fossil fuels in 2022, aiming to counter the impact of their soaring prices due to the Ukraine war and strengthen energy reserves, a new study says.
The study by Winnipeg-based (Canada) award-winning independent think tank International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) and partners comes as G20 leaders prepare for their summit meeting scheduled for September 9-10 in New Delhi.
India, the current G20 president, cut fossil fuel subsidies by 76 percent between 2014 and 2022 while boosting support for clean energy. This puts India in a strong position to lead on this issue, the study says.
The astonishing sum of USD 1.4 trillion includes fossil fuel subsidies (USD 1 trillion), state-owned enterprise investments (USD 322 billion), and money lent by public financial institutions (USD 50 billion), according to the study.
This total is more than double what was seen before the COVID-19 pandemic and the energy crisis in 2019, it said.
Tara Laan, a Senior Associate at IISD and the lead author of the study, said, “These figures are a stark reminder of the massive amounts of public money G20 governments continue to pour into fossil fuels despite the increasingly devastating impacts of climate change.” She stressed that it’s urgent for the G20 to address the issue of fossil fuel subsidies at the summit, especially when climate change effects are becoming worse.
“The G20 has the power and the responsibility to transform our fossil-based energy systems. It is crucial for the bloc to put fossil fuel subsidies on the Delhi Leaders’ Summit agenda and take meaningful actions to eliminate all public financial flows for coal, oil, and gas,” she said.
Financial support for fossil fuels worsens human-made climate change and its harsh effects, such as more heatwaves, wildfires, and heavy rains. The report underlines that giving subsidies that lower fossil fuel prices is a problem because it encourages more use of these harmful energy sources.
The researchers propose a solution: G20 nations could get an extra USD 1 trillion each year by setting minimum carbon taxes ranging from USD 25 to USD 75 per metric ton of CO2 equivalent, based on the country’s income.
Current taxes on fossil fuels in the G20 are too low, averaging just USD 3.2 per metric ton of CO2 equivalent. This is worrying because fossil fuel companies made huge profits during the energy crisis last year, according to the report.
It also suggests a clear plan to get rid of fossil fuel subsidies: Developed countries should stop them by 2025, and emerging economies should end them by 2030 at the latest.
The authors say that instead of just calling these subsidies “inefficient”, there should be specific reasons for keeping them, like when they’re needed for energy access. Also, the subsidies should only help those who genuinely need them, not be a poor way of helping people.
